Power efficiency in embedded systems for IoT devices is managed through a combination of hardware and software strategies. Low-power microcontrollers, energy-efficient sensors, and optimized circuit designs help reduce energy consumption. Techniques like duty cycling, dynamic voltage scaling, and sleep modes ensure that devices consume minimal power when idle. Additionally, energy harvesting from sources like solar or kinetic power is used in remote IoT applications to extend battery life. Proper firmware optimization also plays a key role in balancing performance with energy savings. Learning these techniques is essential for anyone interested in an Embedded Systems Course.