Embedded IoT systems face several major security threats, including unauthorized access, data breaches, and malware attacks. Weak authentication methods can allow hackers to gain control over devices, while unsecured communication channels may lead to data interception. Firmware vulnerabilities can be exploited to manipulate device functions or steal sensitive information. Physical tampering is another risk, especially for devices deployed in public or remote locations. Additionally, denial-of-service (DoS) attacks can disrupt operations, impacting critical IoT applications. Strengthening encryption, implementing regular updates, and using secure protocols are essential for protection. Learning these aspects can be beneficial through an IoT certification course.